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Buenos Aires & Argentina history Part 2 |
- Inspired by the conquest of Peru and the threat from Portugal's growing power in Brazil, Spain in 1535 sent an expedition under Pedro de Mendoza (equipped at his own expense) to force a permanent settlement on the tribes of Mar Dulce.
- Pedro de Mendoza founded a small settlement on the site that is now modern day San Telmo in 1536, first called Ciudad de Nuestra Señora Santa María del Buen Ayre, which literally means City of Our Lady Saint Mary of the Fair Winds, the proper title of Buenos Aires. San Telmo would later be a great and historical barrio (district) in modern Buenos Aires. You find today, a monument to the 1536 settlement in San Telmo.
- Unified local tribes attacked and burnt to the settlement to the ground. His brother Gonzalez saved the expedition and Mendoza. Mendoza returned home in 1537, and like his predecessor, died before reaching Spain.
- In 1537, a party from Buenos Aires under Juan de Ayolas and Domingo Martínez de Irala, both lieutenants of Mendoza, pushed a thousand miles up the Plata and Paraguay rivers. Ayolas was lost on an exploring expedition, but Domingo Martinez de IralaIa founded Asunción (now capital of Paraguay).
- In 1541, the few remaining inhabitants of Buenos Aires abandoned it and moved to Asunción, which was the first permanent settlement in the Rio del la Plata basin.
- In the next half century, Asunción played a major part in both the conquest and settlement of Argentina.
- In 1580 by Juan de Garay re-settled Buenos Aires with settlers from Asunción. Juan de Garay’s is the first permanent settlement on the Southern shore of Rio Del La Plata.
- Northern Argentina as well as Buenos Aires settlements came mainly from overflow from the neighbouring Spanish colonies of Chile, Peru, and Paraguay (Asunción).
- Initially, there was little direct migration from Spain, probably because of the threat from local tribes and the success of Mexico, Peru, and other Spanish colonies, whose rich mines, a large supply of tractable Indian labour, accessibility, and the privilege of direct trade with Spain made them more attractive.
- Both Tucumán and Córdoba were dominant regions and early intellectual and economic power bases in Argentina during both the XVI and XVII centuries. They prospered as the main source of agricultural produce for Upper Peru’s (Bolivia) mineworkers and traded for silver and goods from the old-world. These regions would find great wealth and establish local governments and the oldest surviving ecclesiastical schools and universities in Argentina.
- Tucumán, Córdoba and the fledgling Buenos Aires would form part of the Viceroyalty of Peru, an office set up in 1542 to administrate Spanish America, which made Lima the most important city in South America.
- Spain prohibited the natural port of the Río de la Plata to trade, with communication and commerce embargoed in favour of the port of Lima so Spain could control trade, taxes, and the distribution of resource.
- This stifled the growth of Buenos Aires for many years making the early Porteños (people of the port of Buenos Aires) angry and poor. Buenos Aires port first based in La Boca fast became a centre for contraband, piracy and much discontent aimed at the Spanish crown. La Boca is today a centre for tourism and is the city’s bohemia.
History of Argentina - Articles:
Argentina´s Road to Independence
Building Modern Argentina
Argentina Today
Read the complete Buenos Aires Guide:
Safety in Buenos Aires
Where is Buenos Aires?
The history of Buenos Aires
Tourism in Buenos Aires
Shopping Buenos Aires
Bars and restaurants in Buenos Aires
Travel around Buenos Aires
Spring Gets Buenos Aires into its Groove
Buenos Aires Stay Survival Guide Buenos Lesson One
Buenos Aires Travel: Public Buses
Find Buenos Aires apartments online
Searching for rentals in Buenos Aires
Cheap apartments in Buenos Aires
Find luxury apartments in Buenos Aires
Vacationing in apartments for rent in Buenos Aires
Other Buenos Aires Guides
Eva Peron, Evita, a pilgrimage to Recoleta cemetery
The flag of Argentina, Sun of May, General Belgrano
Gay in Buenos Aires, night-by-night, 100s of gay listings
Gay Pride 2008, the biggest gay party ever in Buenos Aires
Stay healthy, choose a doctor, and travel health Buenos Aires
History of Buenos Aires and Argentina from 1500 to the Kirchners
Read about Buenos Aires’ people (porteños) and their Culture
The Rio del la Plata – neither a plate nor a river?
Read about the history of tango, tango dance and tango music
Read our reviews of the best tours in Buenos Aires
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